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4. “A,a” he Biekai (Adverb) yzie pa-ituhpa cha ta eima hma.

1.”A,a” Mohvyupa chata Hmana 

“A,a” he mohvyupa chata eima hmapa a cha. Moh (noun) vyupa ta hmapa zydua he moh vyupa ama cha.

 
Pahnona chata:

 
1). Sisi hla solo a sah, a ao, a pha kaw. A sah, a ao, a pha tahpazy he bie sakha hawta eima rôh awhpa cha vei.(a1 =  Sisi,

a2 =  ao, a3 = Sisi)

He châtla (Sentence) liata azy he mohvyupa chata hmapa sai a cha.

Eima rôh tita a sah, a ao nata a pha zy he bie sakha (a word) hawta eima rôh awhpa cha vei. “a” he Sisi mohvyupa chata sah (bieluh,  verb), ao (moh, noun) nata pha (bieki, adjective) zy nata hma pakaohpa a cha. He châtla liata sah, ao, pha tahpazy he “a” mohvyupa nata hma pakaoh leipata cha châtla a khona he a la pasia thei awh vei. Asah, a- ao, apha  tahpata bie sakha hawta eima rôh awhpa cha vei.A sah, a ao, a pha tahpa ta eima rôh awhpa a cha.

2). Vabei cha sikul hawti a cha. châ a thai kaw.

 He châtla liata a he Vaei mohvyupa chata eima hma. “a cha ” tahpa nata “a thai” tahpa liata eima hmo. Vabei  mohvyupa chata hmapa sai a cha. “cha” he bieluh(verb) chata “thai” biekai (adverb) a cha.

3). Avâ su tawta serafizy hla ao ngiapa pyu a vaw pua.

He châtla liata “a” he “ao” vyuypa ta hmapa a cha.

 

Bieluh (Verb ) yzie a pa-tuhpa cha ta hmana

Pahnona:

1). Sisi hla sola a sah.

He châtla liata “a” Sisi mohvyupa chata hmapa a cha. Sisi hla solo sah tahpa ta rôh maw ei sila yzie hnei vei, “a sah” tapa he ta yzie hneipa châtla a vaw pacha sah (Sisi hla solo a sah). Eima rôh tita “asah” tahpata pahly awhpa cha vei. “A sah” tahpata rôh awhpa cha.

2). Pabei cha hawti yzie pha kawpa a cha.

Bieluh (verb) liata eima hma hluh chaipa “a cha” he pahnona chata ei vaaw rôh. “A cha “he (English Grammar )liata (verb to be) nata a hnia chai awh. a = Pabei . Pabei cha hawti yzie pha kawpa cha. (Yzie hnei vei). Pabei cha hawti yzie pha kawpa a cha. (Yzie hneipa châtla a vaw cha haw.)

Chavata Mara châ liata “Bieluh”(verb) he yzie hneipa a cha thei nawpata mohvyupa “a” nata hma pakaopa cheingei a byu.Ano dei cha bie sakha (a word) hawta rôh awhpa cha vei. Hmiala daiti liata ei vaw pazao via awh. Nama pyna vaw rei hra bei mu vy.

Bieki (Adjective) yzie pa-itupa chata eima hma.

Pahnona:

Thoko a sâ kaw. Paripi a sei kaw. Hawthuh lô a hruh kaw.

He bietlazy liata azy he mohvyupa sai cha ei ta, sâ, sei nata hruh zy yzie apa-itupa sai a cha.

a1= Thoko, a2= Paripi, a3= Hawthuh lô

Bieki apa-itupa cha ta eima hma no chhao ta bieki hmeiseipa nata eima pahly awhpa cha vei. (Asâ, asie, apha) bie sakha hawta eima hma awhpa cha vei, bie sahnopa cha haw ei ta, “a sâ, a sie, a pha” tahpa ta eima rôh khia a pha via awh ei ta.

A lai

A kaw

A chyh

A kaeko

A ruh

A pahne hawpazy he a cha.

He he keima ei pynazy; pahnona chata ei vaw palasapazy cha ta, châ rôhtupa ta châ a rôh tita ngiana chota rôh via hru se.

Biekai (Adverd) yzie apa-ituhpa eima hma

Pahnona:

Thlih “a” ruh kaw. Arâ “a” chatlie kaw. Chosâ Meipaw sâh “a” kâh thai kaw. Ei parapa kuzo “a” thai ngasa. “A” kaw chadai chaihmâh ta “a” kaw phapa haw.

He bietlazy liata “azy” he mohvyupa ta hmapa sai ama cha hra. Mohvyupa eima ta tita (noun) moh sakha hawta eima pacha parei awh. Chavata eima rôh tita bie sakha hawta eima rôh awhpa a cha.

Biekai (Adverb) he bieluh(verb) duahmoh a palasatuhpa chata, kaw, ngasa, chaihmâh tapazy he a cha. He bieluh duahmoh chana eima palasa tita “a” he hmapa cheingei awhpa mohvyupa “pronoun” a cha.

A cho lata bietlazy liata:-

a1 = Thli

a2 = Arâ

a3 = Chosâ Meipaw

a4 = Ei Parapa

a5, a6 = A chadaituhpa

A chypa mohvyupa(Singular Pronoun) chata eima hma.

   He “a” eima hmapa zydua he mohvyupa a cha hleikho ta; a chypa a chana a palasa hra. Sakha, Pakha, ikhapa chana a palasa,

   Zawhluhpa (Ahluhpa) eima rôh ti chhao ta “a” he hma heipa chata ano saita hmapa cha vei.Zawhluhpa eima rôh tita he hawta eima hma hei.

“Amo(Them), ama(they)”

Ama vy lai hai. (They are coming.)

Amo y a cha. (It is belong to them.)

He bietla liata “Amo” he “them” tahpa nata a lyu awhta, “a” hmo sakhapa (it) a cha awh.

Cha hawta “Ano” tahpa he a chypa chata hmapa a cha hra. “Ano” chysa pakhapa reina a cha. Ano cha mo siapa nata mo pathaipa a cha. Hmo nata sahro vyupa ta reipa cha vei.

“Amo, Ama, Ano” zy he mohvyupa (pronoun) chata hmapa sai ama cha hra.

Hmiala cha “hluh,chyh”(Singular & Plural) reina ei theina rakha ei vaw rôh hei awh. Châ a zaona hnei leipa ta vaw y patlie lia tahpa pachana vata châhmia (page) pazaopa ta vaw rôh ty aw na ta, rei chiepa; no-ai vaw ta bei leipa ta, châhmia thiepa vaw rei pazao bei mu vy, nama pyna chhao vaw chalua hra bei te u.

Hluh & chyh (Singular & Plural) thati he a chhyta ei vaw rôh via he awh, namo apynazy vaw rei hra bei te u.

Chyhpa (Sigular)

   A chyhpa thati he eima rei tah awh, a chyhpa eima rôh tita chatluhpo ta no lâlaona y hlei vei.

   “Ano”(ama) chysa pakha deipa reina a cha. “Pokhah” Sahro (hmôhrohneipa) reina a cha. “ Sakhah” hmodah reina a cha. He zy he a chyhpa reina sai a cha. He liata “a” eima hmapa zydua he a chhypa reina (Singular Pronoun) sai ta a cha.

   Ano a vy lai hai, chysa pakha deipa thati reina a cha. Vabei ta châbu sahria chho liata a pasâ. He châtla liata châbu tahpa he eima pachâ khia cha, a dâvatlahpa ta bukha deipa a cha tah theipa a cha. A chhapa cha he châ tlâzy liata a hluhpa chana palasana ngiana y tla vei. “Sakhah” na vaw pei taw, Hmôdâpa reina a cha.

   “Aw” o liata aw kaw patuh te. He châtla liata aw he eima moh khia cha, Aw o liata sakha patuh awhpa reikhona a cha. A chyhpa eima rôh tita rai ruhna chatlupo ta y vei tahpa eima pahno pasia thei. Cha khiala “A hluhpa” a chyhta pachâ tua ei si.

   “Hluhpa” (Plural)

A hluhpa eima rei tita –zy, zy nata zydua he eima hmapa a cha hei.

He “zy” naw hmana lia he ta, thohkha Unawzy chata eima rai a ruh khei kawpa a cha. A chhapa cha plural hmana zie eima pahno pasia leipa vata a cha. He zaw hluhpa reina khy lia he ta keima pokha ta a pha chaipa a cha thlyu awh, ei tahpa he unawzy lata ei vaw rôh hei.

-zy he cha moh sakhapa (noun) a chypa; a hluhpa lata eima rei khoh nata eima hmapa a cha.

Pahnona chata:-

A chypa reina (Singular)   A hluhpa reina(Palural)

1. Pavaw (bird)    pavawzy(birds)

2. Pheisai (solder)     Pheisaizy (solders)

3. Sahro (animal)    Sahrozy (animals)

4. Chysa (Human)    Chysazy (humen)

5. Sikul hawti (Sikul hati)   Sikul hawtizy(Sikul hatizy)

6. Sangachhie (Student)   Sangachhiezy (students)

      He hawpa hmo sakha tlyma?, sahro nata chysa tly ma a chhypa tawta a hluhpa hawta eima rei kho tita “–zy” he baichhahpa a cha. Ano deikua cha eima rôh tita “zy” he English cha mawsala “s” vyupa a cha awhpa vata ano sai ta rôh awhpa he cha pha vei. Sikul hawtizy (School boys) a cha.

“Zy” (all) he hmana su no a y,

1. Zawhlypa (common) cha ta, moh (noun) nata eima hma pakao.
2. Zawhlypa (common) cha ta, mohki (adjective) nata eima hma pakao

1. “Zy” Zawhlypa (common) cha ta, moh (noun) nata eima hma pakao

1. Thokozy, sahrohzy, chyhsazy, ngâzy, nata pazupavawzy…..etc. cha alei cho liata a pahrâpa sai ama cha. (2*a+2*b+2*c)= 2a+2b+2c nata a lyu awh.
2. Thoko, sahroh, chyhsa, ngâ, nata pazupavaw zy …… etc. cha alei cho liata a pahrâpa sai ama cha. 2*(a+b+c)=2a+2b+2c nata a lyu awh.
3. Thoko, sahroh, chyhsa, ngâ nata pazupavawzy ….etc. cha alei cho liata a pahrâpa sai ama cha. (a+b+2*c) = a + b+ 2c nata a lyu awh.s

He châtla satho penaw he moh tua ei si. No.1 nata No. 2 he a khohpa a lyu ta, zy hma dah dei he a lyu vei. Chahrasala châtla bie a lyu; sakhapa a cha. No. 3 na dei he, pachapa ta a cho lata châtlazy nata a lyu awhpa lyu kaw ta, a lyu vei. Thoko, sahroh, chyhsa, ngâ zy he a chhypa (singular) vaw cha haw ei ta, pazupavawzy tapa ngalah he a hlupa hawta a la.

      Zawhlypa (Common) cha ta “zy” (all) nota, zy he ano sai ta bie sakhapa hawta rôh thei ei sila, a ngia via thlyu awh. Bie sakha liata pakao sakha liata pakao leipa chase a tah khia cha, a khona hmeiseihpa tlô thei awh vei.

2. “Zy” Zawhlypa (common) cha ta (adjective) nata eima hma pakao

      A hlupa reina “Zy” he bieki (adjective) nata eima hma pakaona mai ta, ano sai ta bie sakhapa hawta hma awhpa he a pha via thlyu aw. Mara châ liata he “pa” tah a chhah mai he bieki (adjective) eima tah thei, chahrasala a zydua la cha khai aw vei.

Pahnona cha ta:-

A chyhpa      A hlupa

A saihpa      A saihpa zy

A rahpa      A rahpa zy

A laipa      A laipa zy

A kaekopa      A kaekopa zy….etc.

      A cho liata bieki (adjective) zy he eima moh tita, a chyhpa reina tawta a hlupa lata eima rei tita “zy” he a sai theipa zydua kha a pahly khai haw. A rahpa liata eima hma tita a rah theipa to zydua a pahly khai haw hra. A laipa liata eima hma tita a lai theipa hmotaopa zydua a pahly khai hei, a kaekopa liata eima hma hei tita, a kaeko theipa hmoto zydua a pahly haw hei. Chavata, Zawhlypa a hlupa (common, plural) ngiana chata hmapa a chapa vata English liata all nata a sie zie a lyu awh. Chata a cha khiala “zy” he moh noun nata bieki adjective Zawhlypa(common, plural) cha ta, eima hma tita bie sakhapa(a word) hawta eima hma awpa he a pha via.

“Zydua”

“Zydua” he sakha hma pahlôh tla kao leipa reina liata eima hma.

Khizaw “zydua,”

All of the World

Khizaw liata a ypa, sakha hma pahlôh leipa ta reipâ khai hawpa a cha.

Hmohrohneipa “zydua”

The whole living thing

Mara mo “zydua”

All of The Mara people

Khizaw râh to “zydua”

All of Country

Zydua he bie pahmaopa (clause) liata bie (word) sakha hawta a lâ.

      Eima rôh tita, Sahrozy dua tahpa ta rôh awhpa hla tah cha; Sahro zydua tahpa ta eima rôh khia a ngia via aw.

      “-zy, zy nata zydua” liata he rakha he vaw cha chyh ba awh ta, namo nama pyna dah chhao vaw rei bei te u. He he eima rôh pazao lai awhpa cha ta hmia la cha, châbu chhao bukha taih ta eima patloh thei aw tahpa ei ngiapâ. Hmiala ta ei vaw rôh pazao awhpa cha “châsa” pahnia pahlana thati he ei theina rakhapa liata ei vaw pazao hei awh.

Keima chhao ta Mara châ he ei chu bâpa a cha leipa vata, keima ta a pha via aw, a ngia via aw tahpa ei pachapa zy tla a cha. Unaw zydua rei pahmao via ei su vy.

Script:-

(“A” he bie hiahrihna liata eima hma hra, Ahy e na cha? Ahy y ma a cha? Ahy paw ma sâ a kah?Chyhsapa mo pakha hia hrihna a cha. English liata who nata a lyu awh. )

K.Hliesa
Yangon University,
Yangon